source: main/waeup.kofa/trunk/src/waeup/kofa/authentication.txt @ 8374

Kofa authentication
*******************

We need to protect most pieces of our portals from unauthenticated
access.

Therefore users have to login to access main functionality and they
are able to log out afterwards.

Before we can check access we have to create an app:

  >>> from zope.component.hooks import setSite # only needed in tests
  >>> from waeup.kofa.app import University
  >>> root = getRootFolder()
  >>> u = University()
  >>> root['app'] = u
  >>> setSite(root['app'])                     # only needed in tests

To make sure, we can 'watch' pages, we first have to initialize our
test browser:

  >>> from zope.testbrowser.testing import Browser
  >>> browser = Browser()
  >>> browser.handleErrors = False

Creating users (principals)
===========================

Before we can login, we have to provide a user (``principal`` in Zope
terms) with a password (and optional a title or description):

  >>> root['app']['users'].addUser('bob', 'bobsecret',
  ...                           title='Bob', description='A sample user')

We can also add complete `Account` objects. An `Account` stores the
user credentials and some metadata persistently:

  >>> from waeup.kofa.authentication import Account
  >>> alice = Account('alice', 'alicesecret',roles=['waeup.ManageDataCenter'])
  >>> root['app']['users'].addAccount(alice)

See ``userscontainer.txt`` for details about the UsersContainer we use here.

Users and local roles
=====================

Accounts also hold infos about local roles assigned to a user. In the
beginning, users have the local owner role of their own account object:

  >>> alice.getLocalRoles()
  {'waeup.local.Owner': [<waeup.kofa.authentication.Account object at 0x...>]}

User  automatically get the global AcademicsOfficer role:

  >>> alice.getSiteRolesForPrincipal()
  ['waeup.ManageDataCenter', 'waeup.AcademicsOfficer']

We can tell an account, that Alice got some role for another object:

  >>> chalet = object()
  >>> root['app']['chalet'] = chalet
  >>> alice.notifyLocalRoleChanged(chalet, 'BigBoss', granted=True)

Now Alice is the Big Boss:

  >>> alice.getLocalRoles()
  {'BigBoss': [<object object at 0x...>]}

When we do not want Alice to be the Big Boss we can tell that too:

  >>> alice.notifyLocalRoleChanged(chalet, 'BigBoss', granted=False)
  >>> alice.getLocalRoles()
  {'waeup.local.Owner': [<waeup.kofa.authentication.Account object at 0x...>]}

We can also use events to trigger such actions. This is recommended
because we do not neccessarily know where Alice lives:

  >>> from waeup.kofa.authentication import LocalRoleSetEvent
  >>> from zope.event import notify
  >>> notify(LocalRoleSetEvent(chalet, 'BigBoss', 'alice',
  ...                          granted=True))
  >>> alice.getLocalRoles()
  {'BigBoss': [<object object at 0x...>]}

When objects are deleted, local roles are also deleted
semi-magically. This happens through event subscribers listening to
IObjectRemovedEvents. The latters are naturally only fired when ZODB
stored objects are removed. Furthermore this subscriber reads the
internal local roles table.

We create a faculty and grant Bob a local role:

   >>> from zope.securitypolicy.interfaces import IPrincipalRoleManager
   >>> from waeup.kofa.university.faculty import Faculty
   >>> faculty = Faculty()
   >>> root['app']['bobs_fac'] = faculty
   >>> role_manager = IPrincipalRoleManager(faculty)
   >>> role_manager.assignRoleToPrincipal(
   ...    'waeup.PortalManager', 'bob')

We notify the machinery about that fact:

   >>> notify(LocalRoleSetEvent(faculty, 'waeup.PortalManager', 'bob',
   ...                          granted=True))
   >>> bob = root['app']['users']['bob']
   >>> bob.getLocalRoles()
   {'waeup.PortalManager': [<waeup.kofa...Faculty object at 0x...>]}

When we delete the faculty from ZODB, also Bobs roles are modified:

   >>> del root['app']['bobs_fac']
   >>> bob.getLocalRoles()
   {'waeup.local.Owner': [<waeup.kofa.authentication.Account object at 0x...>]}

If one notifies the machinery of a local role removal for an object
that cannot have local roles, this will cause no trouble:

   >>> mycontext = None #object()
   >>> notify(LocalRoleSetEvent(
   ...   mycontext, 'waeup.PortalManager', 'bob', granted=False
   ... )) is None
   True

When an account get deleted, also the local roles of the owner get
removed. Let's setup a local role for `alice`:

   >>> faculty = Faculty()
   >>> root['app']['alice_fac'] = faculty
   >>> role_manager = IPrincipalRoleManager(faculty)
   >>> role_manager.assignRoleToPrincipal(
   ...    'waeup.PortalManager', 'alice')
   >>> notify(LocalRoleSetEvent(faculty, 'waeup.PortalManager', 'alice',
   ...                          granted=True))

The local role is set now:

   >>> from zope.securitypolicy.interfaces import IPrincipalRoleMap
   >>> IPrincipalRoleMap(faculty).getPrincipalsAndRoles()
   [('waeup.PortalManager', 'alice', PermissionSetting: Allow)]

But when we delete Alices account from ZODB:

   >>> del root['app']['users']['alice']
   >>> IPrincipalRoleMap(faculty).getPrincipalsAndRoles()
   []

the local role has gone.


Logging in via side bar
=======================

We can access the front page without restrictions:

  >>> browser.open('http://localhost/app')
  >>> print browser.headers['Status']
  200 Ok

We have to go to one of the login pages first:

  >>> browser.open('http://localhost/app')
  >>> browser.getLink('Login').click()
  >>> print browser.headers['Status']
  200 Ok

There is a login form on tis page:

  >>> 'form.login' in browser.contents
  True

  >>> 'form.logout' in browser.contents
  False

We use this form:

  >>> browser.getControl(name='form.login').value = 'bob'
  >>> browser.getControl(name='form.password').value = 'invalidpw'
  >>> browser.getControl('Login').click()
  >>> 'You entered wrong credentials' in browser.contents
  True

  >>> browser.getControl(name='form.login').value = 'bob'
  >>> browser.getControl(name='form.password').value = 'bobsecret'
  >>> browser.getControl('Login').click()

Now the login form is gone. Instead we have the opportunity to logout:

  >>> 'form.login' in browser.contents
  False

  >>> logout = browser.getLink('Logout')
  >>> logout
  <Link text='Logout' url='http://localhost/app/@@logout'>

The user title is also displayed in the sidebar:

  >>> 'Bob' in browser.contents
  True

We can also log out afterwards:

  >>> logout.click()
  >>> print browser.contents
  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"...
  ...Login
  ...