source: main/waeup.kofa/trunk/docs/source/userdocs/users.rst @ 12922

.. _users:

Users
*****

Kofa distinguishes between four types of users: anonymous users,
applicants, students, portal officers/managers and the Zope manager.
Kofa distinguishes further between authenticated and unauthenticated
users and between users with and without account object.

The user authentication process in Kofa is quite complex. Briefly
and in simple terms, a so-called authenticator (plugin) validates
the credentials provided via the login form, fetches the matching
account object, extracts the account data and finally leads to the
creation of a temporary user object, a so-called principal. Kofa
principals provide `name`, `title`, `email`, `phone`, `public_name`
and `user_type` attributes.


Anonymous
=========

Anonymous users do not authenticate and thus do not provide
credentials. Their user id in logfiles is always ``zope.anybody``.
These users gain two permissions: :py:class:`Anonymous
<waeup.kofa.permissions.Anonymous>` and :py:class:`Public
<waeup.kofa.permissions.Public>`.

Only a few actions of anonymous users are logged. These are payment
data webservice requests, the execution of password mandates and the
self-registration of applicants.


Applicants and Students
=======================

Logged-in applicants or students are regular authenticated Kofa
users. Their user account object is an adaption of their
applicant/student object. More precisely, the Applicant/Student
authenticator fetches the matching applicant/student object and
turns it on-the-fly into a Kofa account object which is further used
for creating a principal instance. The `applicant_id`/`student_id`
attribute becomes the user name and the `display_fullname` property
serves as user title.


Officers
========

.. seealso::

   :ref:`Officers Doctests <userscontainer_txt>`

Officers are users with a dedicated user account object stored in
the ``users`` container (of type :py:class:`UsersContainer
<waeup.kofa.userscontainer.UsersContainer>`) which is located in
Kofa's root container. The officer account object has two more
attributes than the principal instance which is created from the
account data: (1) a `roles` attribute which is a list of global role
names assigned to the officer, and (2) a private `_local_roles`
attribute. The latter maps local role names to lists of objects the
respective local role applies to. This information is important
because local role assignment is originally stored only with the
objects the role applies to and not with the user who got the role.
When removing a user, Kofa iterates over the mapping and the list of
objects in order to remove all these local role assignments denoted
in the mapping.

The management of portal officers is done in the 'Officers' section
of Kofa. The management page shoes all officers registered in the
portal together with their global and local roles. The table can be
easily sorted or filtered.


Manager
=======

There is one and only one manager account (user id ``zope.manager``)
in Kofa. The manager has access to the root instance of the Kofa
application which has its own user interface (see screenshot below).
Through this 'Grok UI' the manager can access some basic functions
to manage the database and also access the Kofa user interface.

.. image:: Grok_UI.png

Although the manager automatically gains all permissions the system
defines, this real superuser (or emergency user) neither has an
account in Kofa nor can access Kofa through its regular login page.
The manager has to enter the portal through the Grok UI which
usually ony runs on a localhost port, for example
``http://localhost:8080``.